IONIC LIQUIDS IN THE REACTION OF DIENE SYNTHESIS

In the presented work, the analysis of scientific research results in the field of using ionic liquids as catalysts and solvents in the reaction of diene synthesis (Diels-Alder), carried out mainly in the last decades, is carried out. The main representatives of ionic liquids, which are most widely used in diene condensations, are shown. It is noted that the most frequently used ionic liquids in [4+2]-cycloaddition reactions are imidazolium, pyridinium, and chloraluminate ionic liquids. The influence of the used liquids on the kinetics and stereo-selectivity of the reactions carried out, as well as on the yield and regio-and enantioselectivity of the obtained adducts was studied. It is shown that in these reactions ionic liquids can perform a dual function: on the one hand, they serve as solvents in these reactions, on the other hand, they are capable of catalyzing the ongoing processes. It is noted that the use of ionic liquids does not depend on the nature of the dienes and dienophiles used, since they are universal catalytic systems for any components of the diene synthesis reaction. In addition, the use of ionic liquids can help regulate the ratio of endo- and exo-isomers of adducts formed during diene synthesis. It also shows the prospect of using ionic liquids, which have a melting point at room temperature. The use of such catalytic systems allows one to reduce the energy costs for conducting experimental studies, and also the of the process