Periodic High-Sensitive Beam-Steering Leaky-Wave Antenna With Circular Polarization

This article proposes an analytical optimization approach in order to optimize the frequency-dependent beam-steering capability of a 1-D serial-fed leaky-wave antenna under the constraint of circular polarization. In the presented approach, the high beam-steering sensitivity is achieved by a circular patch approach. The circular polarization constraint, the impedance matching across unit cells, and open stopband problem are reduced to a mode rotation condition of the electric field within the circular patch. It is further shown that the mode rotation condition is achieved by a single optimization parameter. Measurements proof the beam-steering sensitivity, the circular polarization, and open stopband suppression.