Cholecystokinin A receptor gene promoter polymorphism and intelligence

PURPOSE: To study the association between Cholecystokinin A receptor (CCKAR) genotypes and intelligence in community-living men and women. METHOD: Subjects were 2251 community-dwelling Japanese men and women aged 40 to 79 years. The CCKAR gene promoter polymorphisms A-81G and G-128T were determined. Intelligence was assessed by Japanese Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales - Revised Short Forms (JWAIS-R SF). The difference in intelligence between wild type and mutation was tested. RESULTS: There were no subjects with AA/GT, AA/TT, or AG/TT genotypic combinations. Both A81G and G-128T genotypes were related to intelligence quotient (IQ) estimated by JWAIS-R SF. The mean and SE of IQ levels of subjects with the wild-type allele and the mutation allele at nucleoticle -128 were 103.4 +/- 0.3 and 101.6 +/- 0.6, respectively. There was a significant difference in IQ for G-128T (P = 0.008). The difference in IQ for A-81G was also significant (p = 0.011). The IQ level was 103.6 +/- 0.4 in the subjects with the wild-type allele and 102.0 +/- 0.5 in the subjects with the mutation. Differences in IQ levels by haplotypes for combinations of A-81G/G-128T were examined. IQ significantly decreased with an increasing number of mutation alleles (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION: There were statistically significant differences in IQ for CCKAR gene promoter polymorphisms A-81G and G-128T in community-living Japanese. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.