Responsibility in the Face of Adversity: Adolescents' Sense of Self in Reciprocal Relationships

The aim of this study was to explore Black South African adolescents' sense of self as it emerges through their direct and indirect environments. Black African adolescents (N = 57; 52.63% male; 47.37% female) participated in eight focus groups, which were analyzed thematically. The emphasis fell on the interconnectedness and interdependency between individuals and social systems. The importance of family and peer relations, as well as the juxtaposed needs of belonging and separation, was also reiterated. This research highlighted adolescents' awareness regarding the importance of reciprocity and interdependence in relationships. Not only was the need for having role models articulated, but also for being role models. They were acutely aware of the sacrifices made (especially by their parents) investing in their development, and were feeling responsible for "paying back" (to their family and community). Due to bearing this responsibility, education and scholarship were viewed as essential aspects of adolescents' sense of self.