Skilled unemployment and the creation of academic spin-offs: a recession-push hypothesis

被引:55
作者
Horta, Hugo [1 ]
Meoli, Michele [2 ,3 ]
Vismara, Silvio [2 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hong Kong, Fac Educ, Div Policy Adm & Social Sci Educ, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
[3] Univ Bergamo, CCSE, Viale Marconi 5, I-24044 Dalmine, BG, Italy
[4] Univ Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
关键词
Academic entrepreneurship; Academic spin-off; Unemployment; Skilled unemployment; Youth unemployment; TECHNOLOGY-TRANSFER; FIRM FORMATION; ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY; BUSINESS-CYCLE; MOTIVATIONS; POLICY; IPOS;
D O I
10.1007/s10961-015-9405-z
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
Push factors associated with necessity entrepreneurship are largely neglected in the academic entrepreneurship literature. We link research on technology transfer to the literature on opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship, showing that the rate of academic spin-off creation is positively associated with the skilled unemployment rate. This longitudinal study of 559 spin-offs launched between 1999 and 2013, which controlled for several university- and context-level factors, showed that a higher level of unemployment reduced the probability of academic spin-off creation up to a threshold, beyond which the effect was reversed. By contrast, the relative skilled unemployment level was related positively to the probability of academic spin-off, particularly high-tech spin-off, creation. The relationship between the level of skilled unemployment and the creation of high-tech spin-offs was moderated positively by university research orientation and regional research and human capital intensity.
引用
收藏
页码:798 / 817
页数:20
相关论文
共 46 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], 2013, OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2013: Innovation for Growth, DOI 10.1787/sti_scoreboard-2013-en
[2]  
[Anonymous], 2006, Journal of Technology Transfer
[3]   Startups by recent university graduates and their faculty: Implications for university entrepreneurship policy [J].
Astebro, Thomas ;
Bazzazian, Navid ;
Braguinsky, Serguey .
RESEARCH POLICY, 2012, 41 (04) :663-677
[4]  
Audretsch DB, 2016, J TECHNOL TRANSFER, V41, P1, DOI [10.1007/s10961-016-9473-8, 10.1007/s10961-014-9381-8]
[5]   ENTREPRENEURSHIP - PRODUCTIVE, UNPRODUCTIVE, AND DESTRUCTIVE [J].
BAUMOL, WJ .
JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, 1990, 98 (05) :893-921
[6]   Board Independence, Ownership Structure and the Valuation of IPOs in Continental Europe [J].
Bertoni, Fabio ;
Meoli, Michele ;
Vismara, Silvio .
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW, 2014, 22 (02) :116-131
[7]  
Binks M., 1986, SURVIVAL SMALL FIRM, P19
[8]   Valuing University-Based Firms: The Effects of Academic Affiliation on IPO Performance [J].
Bonardo, Damiano ;
Paleari, Stefano ;
Vismara, Silvio .
ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, 2011, 35 (04) :755-776
[9]   The M&A dynamics of European science-based entrepreneurial firms [J].
Bonardo, Damiano ;
Paleari, Stefano ;
Vismara, Silvio .
JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER, 2010, 35 (01) :141-180
[10]  
Calcagnini G., 2011, EC SMALL BUSINESSES, P87