Moon and Sun shadowing effect in the MACRO detector

被引:34
作者
Ambrosio, M
Antolini, R
Baldini, A
Barbarino, GC
Barish, BC
Battistoni, G
Becherini, Y
Bellotti, R
Bemporad, C
Bernardini, P
Bilokon, H
Bower, C
Brigida, M
Bussino, S
Cafagna, F
Calicchio, M
Campana, D
Carboni, M
Caruso, R
Cecchini, S
Cei, F
Chiarella, V
Chiarusi, T
Choudhary, BC
Coutu, S
Cozzi, M
De Cataldo, G
Dekhissi, H
De Marzo, C
De Mitri, I
Derkaoui, J
De Vincenzi, M
Di Credico, A
Erriquez, O
Favuzzi, C
Forti, C
Fusco, P
Giacomelli, G
Giannini, G
Giglietto, N [1 ]
Giorgini, M
Grassi, M
Grillo, A
Gustavino, C
Habig, A
Hanson, K
Heinz, R
Katsavounidis, E
Katsavounidis, I
Kearns, E
机构
[1] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Interateneo Fis, Politecn, Bari, Italy
[2] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-70126 Bari, Italy
[3] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, Naples, Italy
[4] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80125 Naples, Italy
[5] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi, Laquila, Italy
[6] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Pisa, Italy
[7] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56010 Pisa, Italy
[8] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[9] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
[10] Univ Bologna, Dipartmento Fis, Bologna, Italy
[11] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
[12] Univ Lecce, Dipartimento Fis, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
[13] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
[14] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
[15] Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
[16] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy
[17] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezione Roma Tre, I-00146 Rome, Italy
[18] Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy
[19] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Dipartimento Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy
[20] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[21] Univ Mohammed 1, LPTP, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco
[22] Univ Lecce, Dipartimento Ingn Innovaz, Lecce, Italy
[23] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
[24] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA
[25] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy
[26] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-00185 Rome, Italy
[27] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[28] Macalester Coll, Dept Phys & ASt, St Paul, MN 55105 USA
[29] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Sperimentale, Turin, Italy
[30] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-10125 Turin, Italy
[31] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
MACRO; underground muons; Moon shadowing; Sun shadowing; geomagnetic field; IMF field; primary antimatter;
D O I
10.1016/S0927-6505(03)00169-5
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Using data collected by the MACRO experiment from 1989 to the end of its operations in 2000, we have studied in the underground muon flux the shadowing. effects due to both the Moon and the Sun. We have observed the shadow cast by the Moon at its apparent position with a significance of 6.5sigma. The Moon shadowing effect has been used to verify the pointing capability of the detector and to determine the instrument resolution for the search of muon excesses from any direction of the celestial sphere. The dependence of the effect on the geomagnetic field is clearly shown by splitting the data sample in day and night observations. The Sun shadow, observed with a significance of 4.6sigma is displaced by about 0.6degrees from its apparent position. In this case however the explanation resides in the configuration of the Solar and Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, which affect the propagation of cosmic ray particles between the Sun, and the Earth. The displacement of the Sun shadow with respect to the real Sun position has been used to establish an upper limit on the antimatter flux in cosmic rays of about 48% at 68% c.l. and primary energies of about 20 TeV. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:145 / 156
页数:12
相关论文
共 62 条
[1]   STUDY OF THE PRIMARY COSMIC-RAY COMPOSITION AROUND THE KNEE OF THE ENERGY-SPECTRUM [J].
AGLIETTA, M ;
ALESSANDRO, B ;
ANTONIOLI, P ;
ARNEODO, F ;
BERGAMASCO, L ;
BERTAINA, M ;
FAUTH, AC ;
CASTAGNOLI, C ;
CASTELLINA, A ;
CATTADORI, C ;
CHIAVASSA, A ;
CINI, G ;
PIAZZOLI, BD ;
DISCIASCIO, G ;
FULGIONE, W ;
GALEOTTI, P ;
GHIA, PL ;
IACOVACCI, M ;
MANNOCCHI, G ;
MELAGRANA, C ;
MORELLO, C ;
NAVARRA, G ;
RICCATI, L ;
SAAVEDRA, O ;
TRINCHERO, GC ;
VALLANIA, P ;
VERNETTO, S ;
AHLEN, S ;
AMBROSIO, M ;
ANTOLINI, R ;
AURIEMMA, G ;
BAKER, R ;
BALDINI, A ;
BARBARINO, GC ;
BARISH, BC ;
BATTISTONI, G ;
BELLOTTI, R ;
BEMPORAD, C ;
BERNARDINI, P ;
BILOKON, H ;
BISI, V ;
BLOISE, C ;
BOWER, C ;
BUSSINO, S ;
CAFAGNA, F ;
CALICCHIO, M ;
CAMPANA, D ;
CARBONI, M ;
CECCHINI, S ;
CEI, F .
PHYSICS LETTERS B, 1994, 337 (3-4) :376-382
[2]  
AGLIETTA M, 1999, P 26 ICRC SALT LAK C, V7, P22
[3]   1ST SUPERMODULE OF THE MACRO DETECTOR AT GRAN-SASSO [J].
AHLEN, S ;
AMBROSIO, M ;
ANTOLINI, R ;
AURIEMMA, G ;
BALDINI, A ;
BARBARINO, GC ;
BARISH, B ;
BATTISTONI, G ;
BELLOTTI, R ;
BEMPORAD, C ;
BERNARDINI, P ;
BILOKON, H ;
BISI, V ;
BLOISE, C ;
BOIANO, A ;
BOWER, C ;
BUSSINO, S ;
CAFAGNA, F ;
CALICCHIO, M ;
CAMPANA, P ;
CAMPANA, D ;
CANDELA, A ;
CARBONI, M ;
CECCHINI, S ;
CEI, F ;
CHIARELLA, V ;
CHIERA, C ;
COBIS, A ;
CORMACK, R ;
CORONA, A ;
COSSON, D ;
COUTU, S ;
DANTONE, I ;
DECATALDO, G ;
DEMARZO, C ;
DENNI, U ;
DESERIIS, N ;
DEVINCENZI, M ;
DICREDICO, A ;
DIEHL, E ;
DIOTALLEVI, R ;
ERRIQUEZ, O ;
FAVUZZI, C ;
FICENEC, D ;
FORTI, C ;
FOTI, L ;
FRANI, A ;
FUSCO, P ;
GHERARDUCCI, F ;
GIACOMELLI, G .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 1993, 324 (1-2) :337-362
[4]   MUON ASTRONOMY WITH THE MACRO DETECTOR [J].
AHLEN, S ;
AMBROSIO, M ;
ANTOLINI, R ;
AURIEMMA, G ;
BALDINI, A ;
BAM, B ;
BARBARINO, G ;
BARISH, B ;
BATTISTONI, G ;
BELLOTTI, R ;
BEMPORAD, C ;
BERNARDINI, P ;
BILOKON, H ;
BISI, V ;
BLOISE, C ;
BUSSINO, S ;
CAFAGNA, F ;
CALICCHIO, M ;
CAMPANA, P ;
CAMPANA, D ;
CARBONI, M ;
CECCHINI, S ;
CEI, F ;
CHIARELLA, V ;
CHIERA, C ;
COBIS, A ;
CORMACK, R ;
CORONA, A ;
COUTU, S ;
DECATALDO, G ;
DEKHISSI, H ;
DEMARZO, C ;
DEVINCENZI, M ;
DICREDICO, A ;
DIEHL, E ;
ERRIQUEZ, O ;
FAVUZZI, C ;
FICENEC, D ;
FORTI, C ;
FOTI, L ;
FUSCO, P ;
GIACOMELLI, G ;
GIANNINI, G ;
GIGLIETTO, N ;
GIUBELLINO, P ;
GRASSI, M ;
GREEN, P ;
GRILLO, A ;
GUARINO, F ;
GUSTAVINO, C .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 1993, 412 (01) :301-311
[5]   OBSERVATION OF SHADOWING OF ULTRAHIGH-ENERGY COSMIC-RAYS BY THE MOON AND THE SUN [J].
ALEXANDREAS, DE ;
ALLEN, RC ;
BERLEY, D ;
BILLER, SD ;
BURMAN, RL ;
CADY, DR ;
CHANG, CY ;
DINGUS, BL ;
DION, GM ;
ELLSWORTH, RW ;
GILRA, MK ;
GOODMAN, JA ;
GUPTA, S ;
HAINES, TJ ;
HOFFMAN, CM ;
KRAKAUER, DA ;
KWOK, P ;
LLOYDEVANS, J ;
LU, XQ ;
NAGLE, DE ;
POTTER, ME ;
SANDBERG, VD ;
STARK, MJ ;
TALAGA, RL ;
VISHWANATH, PR ;
YODH, GB ;
ZHANG, W .
PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 1991, 43 (05) :1735-1738
[6]   Observation of the shadowing of cosmic rays by the Moon using a deep underground detector -: art. no. 012003 [J].
Ambrosio, M ;
Antolini, R ;
Aramo, C ;
Auriemma, G ;
Baldini, A ;
Barbarino, GC ;
Barish, BC ;
Battistoni, G ;
Bellotti, R ;
Bemporad, C ;
Bernardini, P ;
Bilokon, H ;
Bisi, V ;
Bloise, C ;
Bower, C ;
Bussino, S ;
Cafagna, F ;
Calicchio, M ;
Campana, D ;
Carboni, M ;
Castellano, M ;
Cecchini, S ;
Cei, F ;
Chiarella, V ;
Choudhary, BC ;
Coutu, S ;
De Benedictis, L ;
De Cataldo, G ;
Dekhissi, H ;
De Marzo, C ;
De Mitri, I ;
Derkaoui, J ;
De Vincenzi, M ;
Di Credico, A ;
Erriquez, O ;
Favuzzi, C ;
Forti, C ;
Fusco, P ;
Giacomelli, G ;
Giannini, G ;
Giglietto, N ;
Giorgini, M ;
Grassi, M ;
Gray, L ;
Grillo, A ;
Guarino, F ;
Guarnaccia, P ;
Gustavino, C ;
Habig, A ;
Hanson, K .
PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 1999, 59 (01)
[7]   Measurement of the residual energy of muons in the Gran Sasso underground laboratories [J].
Ambrosio, M ;
Antolini, R ;
Baldini, A ;
Barbarino, GC ;
Barish, BC ;
Battistoni, G ;
Becherini, Y ;
Bellotti, R ;
Bemporad, C ;
Bernardini, P ;
Bilokon, H ;
Bower, C ;
Brigida, M ;
Bussino, S ;
Cafagna, F ;
Calicchio, M ;
Campana, D ;
Carboni, M ;
Caruso, R ;
Cecchini, S ;
Cei, F ;
Chiarella, V ;
Choudhary, BC ;
Coutu, S ;
Cozzi, M ;
De Cataldo, G ;
Dekhissi, H ;
De Marzo, C ;
De Mitri, I ;
Derkaoui, J ;
De Vincenzi, M ;
Di Credico, A ;
Erriquez, O ;
Favuzzi, C ;
Forti, C ;
Fusco, P ;
Giacomelli, G ;
Giannini, G ;
Giglietto, N ;
Giorgini, M ;
Grassi, M ;
Grillo, H ;
Guarino, F ;
Gustavino, C ;
Habig, A ;
Hanson, K ;
Heinz, R ;
Iarocci, E ;
Katsavounidis, E ;
Katsavounidis, I .
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2003, 19 (03) :313-328
[8]   Search for cosmic ray sources using muons detected by the MACRO experiment [J].
Ambrosio, M ;
Antolini, R ;
Auriemma, G ;
Bakari, D ;
Baldini, A ;
Barbarino, GC ;
Barish, BC ;
Battistoni, G ;
Becherini, Y ;
Bellotti, R ;
Bemporad, C ;
Bernardini, P ;
Bilokon, H ;
Bloise, C ;
Bower, C ;
Brigida, M ;
Bussino, S ;
Cafagna, F ;
Calicchio, M ;
Campana, D ;
Carboni, M ;
Caruso, R ;
Cecchini, S ;
Cei, F ;
Chiarella, V ;
Choudhary, BC ;
Coutu, S ;
Cozzi, M ;
De Cataldo, G ;
Dekhissi, H ;
De Marzo, C ;
De Mitri, I ;
Derkaoui, J ;
De Vincenzi, M ;
Di Credico, A ;
Erriquez, O ;
Favuzzi, C ;
Forti, C ;
Fusco, P ;
Giacomelli, G ;
Giannini, G ;
Giglietto, N ;
Giorgini, M ;
Grassi, M ;
Grillo, A ;
Guarino, F ;
Gustavino, C ;
Habig, A ;
Hanson, K ;
Heinz, R .
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2003, 18 (06) :615-627
[9]   COINCIDENT OBSERVATION OF AIR CERENKOV LIGHT BY A SURFACE ARRAY AND MUON BUNDLES BY A DEEP UNDERGROUND DETECTOR [J].
AMBROSIO, M ;
ANTOLINI, R ;
AURIEMMA, G ;
BAKER, R ;
BALDINI, A ;
BAM, B ;
BARBARINO, GC ;
BARISH, BC ;
BATTISTONI, G ;
BELLOTTI, R ;
BEMPORAD, C ;
BERNARDINI, P ;
BILOKON, H ;
BISI, V ;
BLOISE, C ;
BOWER, C ;
BUSSINO, S ;
CAFAGNA, F ;
CALICCHIO, M ;
CAMPANA, D ;
CARBONI, M ;
CORONA, A ;
CECCHINI, S ;
CEI, F ;
CHIARELLA, V ;
CORMACK, R ;
COUTU, S ;
DECATALDO, G ;
DEKHISSI, H ;
DEMARZO, C ;
DEVINCENZI, M ;
DICREDICO, A ;
DIEHL, E ;
ERRIQUEZ, O ;
FAVUZZI, C ;
FORTI, C ;
FUSCO, P ;
GIACOMELLI, G ;
GIANNINI, G ;
GIGLIETTO, N ;
GRASSI, M ;
GREEN, P ;
GRILLO, A ;
GUARINO, F ;
GUARNACCIA, P ;
GUSTAVINO, C ;
HABIG, A ;
HEINZ, R ;
HONG, JT ;
IAROCCI, E .
PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 1994, 50 (05) :3046-3058
[10]   The MACRO detector at Gran Sasso [J].
Ambrosio, M ;
Antolini, R ;
Assiro, R ;
Auriemma, G ;
Bakari, D ;
Baldini, A ;
Barbarino, GC ;
Barbarito, E ;
Barish, BC ;
Battistoni, G ;
Becherini, Y ;
Bellotti, R ;
Bemporad, C ;
Bernardini, P ;
Bilokon, H ;
Bisi, V ;
Bloise, C ;
Bottazzi, E ;
Bower, C ;
Brigida, M ;
Bussino, S ;
Cafagna, F ;
Calicchio, M ;
Campana, D ;
Candela, A ;
Carboni, M ;
Cecchini, S ;
Cei, F ;
Ceres, A ;
Chiarella, V ;
Choudhary, BC ;
Coutu, S ;
Cozzi, M ;
Creti, P ;
De Cataldo, G ;
Degli Esposti, L ;
Dekhissi, H ;
De Marzo, C ;
De Mitri, I ;
Derkaoui, J ;
De Vincenzi, M ;
Di Credico, A ;
Di Ferdinando, D ;
Diotallevi, R ;
Erriquez, O ;
Favuzzi, C ;
Forti, C ;
Fusco, P ;
Gebhard, M ;
Giacomelli, G .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2002, 486 (03) :663-707