Emerging and Ongoing Survivorship Challenges Among Childhood Cancer Survivors and Providing Risk-Based Focused Follow-Up Care

Objectives: To provide a summary of the emerging and ongoing survivorship challenges facing childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors and their families. Data Sources: Research and review articles, websites, and clinical guidelines specific to childhood cancer survivorship were used. Conclusion: Many challenges exist in assuring quality long-term follow-up and risk-based screening for childhood cancer survivors. Although many childhood cancer survivors survive well into adulthood, they are at risk for a vast number of later complications of their cancer treatment necessitating annual cancer surveillance. In addition, many childhood cancer survivors are not engaging in long-term follow-up recommendations for clinic attendance, risk-based surveillance, and screening for potentially life-ending events. Pediatric oncology nurses and advanced practice nurses have played an enormous role in the design of childhood cancer survivorship programs and are an integral member of the multidisciplinary health care team who care for this population. Nurses have an obligation to continue to advance the survivorship care of childhood cancer survivors and lead interventional opportunities to improve the lifelong health-related quality of life and overall physical health. Implications for Nursing Practice: Pediatric oncology nurses and advanced practice registered nurses must have a working knowledge of the many late effects that childhood cancer treatment has on the long-term health of childhood cancer survivors. Nurses are well-placed in positions to continue the efforts begun more than 2 decades prior by pediatric oncology nurses who saw the value and necessity of designated survivorship programs. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.