Investigate the effect of Al2O3 & CuO nano cutting fluids under MQL technique in turning of DSS-2205

Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS)-2205 is hard to machine material due to its inherent properties, but more applications in severe working conditions; hence, investigating the effect of nano-cutting fluids and machining parameters is essential. The paper is focused on investigating the effect of aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and copper oxide (CuO) nano-cutting fluids under the Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) technique in turning DSS-2205. Nano-cutting fluids were prepared in different volume concentrations (Conc.) of 0.3%, 0.5%, and 0.7% of nanoparticles with emulsified base fluid (1:20 concentration with DI water). The experiments were conducted based on Face-Centered Composite Design (CCF) in varying nanoparticle concentrations, speed, feed, and Depth of Cut (DOC). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were considered to examine the significant machining parameters for cutting force, temperature, and surface roughness. The experimental results revealed that Al2O3 nanofluid gives better results by minimising cutting force and improving surface roughness, but CuO nanofluid reduces the cutting temperature. The multi-response optimisation is carried out to minimise the responses through Desirability Function Analysis (DFA) for both fluids. The optimum parameters for Al2O3 nanofluid are volume conc. of particles (0.7%), speed (64.74 m/min), feed (0.051 mm/rev) and DOC (0.4 mm), and for CuO nanofluid volume Conc. of particles (0.634%), speed (59.92 m/min), feed (0.053 mm/rev) and DOC (0.4 mm).