Epidemiology of illicit drug use disorders in Iran: prevalence, correlates, comorbidity and service utilization results from the Iranian Mental Health Survey

被引:179
作者
Amin-Esmaeili, Masoumeh [1 ]
Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin [1 ]
Sharifi, Vandad [2 ]
Hajebi, Ahmad [3 ]
Radgoodarzi, Reza [4 ]
Mojtabai, Ramin [5 ,6 ]
Hefazi, Mitra [7 ]
Motevalian, Abbas [8 ]
机构
[1] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Iranian Inst Reduct High Risk Behav, Iranian Natl Ctr Addict Studies INCAS, 486 South Karegar Ave, Tehran, Iran
[2] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Tehran, Iran
[3] Iran Univ Med Sci, Tehran Inst Psychiat, Mental Hlth Res Ctr, Fac Behav Sci & Mental Hlth, Tehran, Iran
[4] Tehran Univ Med Sci & Tous Clin, Iranian Inst Reduct High Risk Behav, Iranian Natl Ctr Addict Studies INCAS, Tehran, Iran
[5] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mental Hlth, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA
[6] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD USA
[7] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Iranian Inst Reduct High Risk Behav, Iranian Res Ctr HIV AIDS IRCHA, Dept Mental Hlth & Subst Use, Tehran, Iran
[8] Iran Univ Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Tehran, Iran
关键词
Drug abuse; drug dependence; epidemiology; Iran; opioid use disorder; service utilization; GLOBAL BURDEN; SUBSTANCE USE; DSM-IV; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; DEPENDENCE; ALCOHOL; SEEKING; CRITERIA; DISEASES;
D O I
10.1111/add.13453
中图分类号
R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];
学科分类号
摘要
Background and aimsDrug abuse is a significant social and public health problem in Iran. The present study aimed to provide prevalence estimates and information on correlates of illicit drug use disorder and opioid dependence, as well as service use for these disorders in Iran. Design, setting and participantsThis report is based on the Iranian household Mental Health Survey (IranMHS) conducted in 2011. A three-stage probability sampling was employed. Face-to-face interviews by trained psychologists were carried out with a nationally representative sample of 7841 individuals (3366 men and 4475 women) aged 15-64 years. MeasurementsThe Composite International Diagnostic Interview and questionnaires for socio-demographic correlates and service use. FindingsThe prevalence of 12-month use disorders for any illicit drug according to DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria were 2.09% [95% confidence interval (CI)=1.70-2.47%] and 2.44% (95% CI=2.03-2.85%), respectively. Opioid use disorders, and opium in particular, were the most common use disorder. The odds of drug use disorders were greater in men than in women, in previously married participants than in currently or never married participants, and in participants with lower socio-economic status than in those with higher socio-economic status (all P-values <0.05). Approximately half of those with drug use disorders and 40% with opioid dependence had a 12-month unmet need for treatment. Self-help groups were the most common type of service used, followed by obtaining medication from pharmacies directly and outpatient treatment services. ConclusionsOpioid use disorders are the most common type of drug use disorders in Iran, setting Iran apart from many other countries. Patterns of service use suggest a large unmet need for drug use disorder treatment in Iran.
引用
收藏
页码:1836 / 1847
页数:12
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