Inhibitory effects of Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum extracts on platelet aggregation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation

The CHCl3, EtOAc, and n-BuOH fractions showed a marked inhibition of 5% fatal bovine serum (FBS)-induced cell proliferation. The IC50 values of the chloroform fractions from leaf, stein, and root as well as the n-BuOH and EtOAc fraction from root on cell proliferation were 1.2+/-0.4, 17.2+/-6.4, 81.8+/-33.2, 40.8+/-8.0, and 237.1+/-85.6 mu g/mL, respectively. On the other hand, the EtOAc fractions, and the CHCl3 fraction significantly inhibited collagen-, arachidonic acid-, U46619-, and thrombin-induced platelet aggregations. The IC50 values of EtOAc fraction from leaf, and the CHCl3 and EtOAc fraction from stem were 214.1+/-12.2, 134.3+/-2.5, and 42.6+/-7.0 mu g/mL with collagen, 312.4+/-7.5, 158.9+/-1.7, and 82.2+/-2.7 mu g/mL with arachidonic acid, 31.1+/-2.4, 48.7+/-0.3, and 29.7+/-1.1 mu g/mL with U46619, and 36.7+/-2.4, 69.1+/-11.3, and 34.2+/-0.1 mu g/mL with thrombin, respectively. Taken together, these data provide new evidence that fractions from Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum (AVP) are able to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and platelet aggregation, which may be a novel resource for the development of anti-atherothrombotic agents.