Biomaterials modification by ion-beam processing

Biomaterials modification by ion-beam processing is becoming popular for improving medical device function, biocompatibility and as a new mutation breeding method. Ion-beam-based processes, such as ion implantation and ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) can provide beneficial surface layers with desirable properties without detrimentally affecting the bulk properties. Ion implantation has been successful in biomaterials modification, such as in improving the wear resistance of artificial joint components, in improving wettability, anticoagulability, anticalcific behavior of biomedical polymers, and in minimizing biofouling of medical devices, etc. IBAD has been used to prepare hydroxyapatite coatings with high adhesive strength on substrates of several implant materials. Biocompatible diamond-like carbon coatings and C-N films, antibacterial coatings and sealant coatings have also been produced by this technique. This paper reviews the present status of applications of the ion-beam process in modifying the surface of biomaterials, as well as the effects induced by ion-beam irradiation to crop seeds, cells and microbes. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.