Optical properties of amphiphilic copolymer-based self-assemblies

As a promising technique for preparing polymeric materials with novel structures and properties, self-assembly is gaining increasing attentions. The applications of self-assemblies raise the claim of full expression of inherent functions and adequate stimuli-responsive features. Light is an excellent media for the realization of inherent functions, in favor of the communication with external environments. The aggregates self-assembled from polymers with optical functions can bring multifarious optical properties and promising applications. In the assemblies, the emission and fluorescence properties of polymers are dependent on both the aggregation type of the polymers and the aggregation-induced effects including planarization and specific intermolecular interactions. The aggregation-induced optical properties are influenced by external stimuli including pH and temperature, which confer various applications, such as in the areas of bioimaging and optical sensor. When photo-responsive groups with photochromism, photo-crosslink or photo-degradation properties are incorporated into polymers, self-assemblies are able to change their shape and inner structure under light irradiation. Such light triggered property is suitable in application for controllable release of loaded species from assemblies. We also discuss the challenges and developing directions regarding the studies and applications of self-assemblies from polymers with optical properties. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.