Fe3O4@C@prNHSO3H: A novel magnetically recoverable heterogeneous catalyst in green synthesis of diverse triazoles

The core-shell magnetic nano-catalyst of Fe3O4@C@PrNHSO3H was proposed, synthesized, and fully described by transmission electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray, vibrating sample magnetometer, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Nontoxic texture, magnetic recovery capability, high thermal stability as well as low-cost synthesis method were found as the unique features of the synthesized core-shell magnetic nano-catalyst. Fe3O4@C@PrNHSO3H NPs were introduced as a modern magnetic heterogeneous catalyst in the solvent-free synthesis of triazole derivatives through one-pot, three-component condensation of aldehyde, ammonium acetate, and nicotinic hydrazide. The pleasant yield of products, straightforward work-up, mild reaction conditions, along with magnetically recoverable catalyst were enumerated as the most important advantages of the method. The Fe3O4@C@PrNHSO3H could be easily separated from the reaction mixture by an external magnet and reused six times with the desired catalytic activity.