Osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathways in bone diseases and its application in therapeutic perspectives

Remodeling process results from the action of the tissue-forming osteoblasts and the tissue-resorbing osteoclasts which work together in certain cell units called basic multicellular units (BMUs). The local regulation of the bone cell function includes the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/ receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) / Osteoprotegerin (OPG) system. These molecules are key factors linking bone formation to resorption during the bone remodeling process. The OPG/RANKL/RANK system has a role in the pathogenesis of bone loss by modulating RANK-induced osteoclastogenesis. This role has provided the rationale for durg development that treat the bone diseases. Systemic OPG therapy was used for bone disease treatment parenteral. According to our knowledge that got from researches, there is no study has been done to explore the use of the local delivery system of OPG in the bone resorption treatment. This approach may have similar osteogenic potential in bone defects that might be capable of treatment the bone loss.