A New Perspective at the Ship-Air-Sea-Interface: The Environmental Impacts of Exhaust Gas Scrubber Discharge

被引：77

作者：

Endres, Sonja ^{[1
,2
]}

Maes, Frank ^{[3
]}

Hopkins, Frances ^{[4
]}

Houghton, Katherine ^{[5
]}

Martensson, Eva M. ^{[6
]}

Oeffner, Johannes ^{[7
]}

Quack, Birgit ^{[8
]}

Singh, Pradeep ^{[9
,10
]}

Turner, David ^{[11
]}

机构：

[1] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res, Biol Oceanog, Kiel, Germany

[2] Max Planck Inst Chem, Climate Geochem, Mainz, Germany

[3] Univ Ghent, Maritime Inst, Fac Law & Criminol, Ghent, Belgium

[4] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England

[5] Inst Adv Sustainabil Studies, Potsdam, Germany

[6] Uppsala Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Uppsala, Sweden

[7] Fraunhofer Ctr Maritime Logist & Serv, Hamburg, Germany

[8] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res, Chem Oceanog, Kiel, Germany

[9] Univ Bremen, Ctr Marine Environm Sci, Bremen, Germany

[10] Univ Bremen, Fac Law, Bremen, Germany

[11] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Marine Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden

来源：

FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE | 2018年 / 5卷

基金：

瑞典研究理事会;

关键词：

scrubber; sulfur emissions; shipping; air-sea interface; surface ocean; biogeochemistry; exhaust gas cleaning system; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; EMISSIONS; SULFUR; POLLUTION; CARBON; PHYTOPLANKTON; CONTAMINANTS; COMMUNITIES; NUTRIENT; REGION;

D O I：

10.3389/fmars.2018.00139

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Shipping emissions are likely to increase significantly in the coming decades, alongside increasing emphasis on the sustainability and environmental impacts of the maritime transport sector. Exhaust gas cleaning systems ("scrubbers"), using seawater or fresh water as cleaning media for sulfur dioxide, are progressively used by shipping companies to comply with emissions regulations. Little is known about the chemical composition of the scrubber effluent and its ecological consequences for marine life and biogeochemical processes. If scrubbers become a central tool for atmospheric pollution reduction from shipping, modeling, and experimental studies will be necessary to determine the ecological and biogeochemical effects of scrubber wash water discharge on the marine environment. Furthermore, attention must be paid to the regulation and enforcement of environmental protection standards concerning scrubber use. Close collaboration between natural scientists and social scientists is crucial for progress toward sustainable shipping and protection of the marine environment.

引用

页数：13

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