Sources, distribution, bioavailability, toxicity, and risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in complementary medicines

被引：77

作者：

Bolan, Shiv ^{[1
,2
]}

Kunhikrishnan, Anitha ^{[3
]}

Seshadri, Balaji ^{[1
,2
]}

Choppala, Girish ^{[4
]}

Naidu, Ravi ^{[1
,2
]}

Bolan, Nanthi S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Ok, Yong Sik ^{[5
,6
]}

Zhang, Ming ^{[7
]}

Li, Chun-Guang ^{[8
]}

Li, Feng ^{[8
]}

Noller, Barry ^{[9
]}

Kirkham, Mary Beth ^{[10
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Newcastle, Global Ctr Environm Remediat, Fac Sci & Informat Technol, ATC Bldg, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia

[2] Univ Newcastle, CRC CARE, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia

[3] Natl Inst Agr Sci, Dept Agrofood Safety, Wonju 55365, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea

[4] Southern Cross Univ, Southern Cross GeoSci, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia

[5] Korea Univ, OJERI, Seoul, South Korea

[6] Korea Univ, Div Environm Sci & Ecol Engn, Seoul, South Korea

[7] China Jiliang Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China

[8] Western Sydney Univ, Natl Inst Complementary Med, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia

[9] Univ Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[10] Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA

来源：

ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL | 2017年 / 108卷

关键词：

Complementary medicines; Bioavailability; Toxicity; Heavy metal(loid)s; Risk assessment; IN-VITRO DIGESTION; TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINES; HERBAL MEDICINE; ARSENIC BIOACCESSIBILITY; TRACE-ELEMENTS; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENTS; CONTAMINATED SOILS; REGULATORY CONTROL; METAL CONTENT; BLOOD LEAD;

D O I：

10.1016/j.envint.2017.08.005

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

The last few decades have seen the rise of alternative medical approaches including the use of herbal supplements, natural products, and traditional medicines, which are collectively known as 'Complementary medicines'. However, there are increasing concerns on the safety and health benefits of these medicines. One of the main hazards with the use of complementary medicines is the presence of heavy metal(loid)s such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg). This review deals with the characteristics of complementary medicines in terms of heavy metal(loid)s sources, distribution, bioavailability, toxicity, and human risk assessment. The heavy metal(loid)s in these medicines are derived from uptake by medicinal plants, cross-contamination during processing, and therapeutic input of metal(loid)s. This paper discusses the distribution of heavy metal(loid)s in these medicines, in terms of their nature, concentration, and speciation. The importance of determining bioavailability towards human health risk assessment was emphasized by the need to estimate daily intake of heavy metal(loid)s in complementary medicines. The review ends with selected case studies of heavy metal(loid) toxicity from complementary medicines with specific reference to As, Cd, Pb, and Hg. The future research opportunities mentioned in the conclusion of review will help researchers to explore new avenues, methodologies, and approaches to the issue of heavy metal(loid)s in complementary medicines, thereby generating new regulations and proposing fresh approach towards safe use of these medicines.

引用

页码：103 / 118

页数：16

共 181 条

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