An Indigenous health elective-Perspectives of pharmacy undergraduate students and alumni

Background and purpose: Health professional programs, including pharmacy, have increased Indigenization efforts through cultural safety learning. The objective of this paper is to describe student and alumni interest, impact, and perceptions for improvement of an undergraduate elective course on Indigenous health.Educational activity and setting: A three-credit elective course was developed with an Indigenous advisory committee and a two-phase mixed-methods design incorporating pre-and post-course surveys and interviews for pharmacy students was implemented from 2013 to 2016. In 2019, all previous students enrolled in the course, now alumni and practicing pharmacists were invited to participate in an online survey and follow-up interview.Findings: A total of 87 students and 21 alumni participated. The course appeared to have considerable impact on students' interest in course topics, specifically Canadian history of colonialism and impact on health. The course generated an increased interest in both Indigenous oriented practicums and future practice setting. Self-perceived efficacy in providing care to Indigenous patients increased post-course and was sustained in alumni. Three major themes emerged: course should be mandatory and/or more widely available to all students, incorporate more experiential learning (such as educational field trips), and understanding of Indigenous history and impact on health care was a key learning outcome.Summary: A lecture-based elective course increased interest in Indigenous health topics, changed current perspectives on Indigenous health needs, and improved self-perceived efficacy in providing care. Students and alumni felt course content should be more widely available and highlighted the importance of increased experiential learning opportunities.