A review of basic crystallography and x-ray diffraction applications

Although various researched works have been carried out in x-ray crystallography and its applications, but there are still limited number of researches on crystallographic theories and industrial application of x-ray diffraction. The present study reviewed and provided detailed discussion on atomic arrangement of single crystals, mathematical concept of Bravais, reciprocal lattice, and application of x-ray diffraction. Determination of phase identification, crystal structure, dislocation density, crystallographic orientation, and gran size using x-ray diffraction peak intensity, peak position, and peak width were discussed. The detailed review of crystallographic theories and x-ray diffraction application would benefit majorly engineers and specialists in chemical, mining, iron, and steel industries.