Protoplanetary disks are composed primarily of gas (99% of the mass). Nevertheless, relatively few observational constraints exist for the gas in disks. In this review, I discuss several observational diagnostics in the UV, optical, near-IR, mid-IR, and (sub)-mm wavelengths that have been employed to study the gas in the disks of young stellar objects. I concentrate in diagnostics that probe the inner 20 AU of the disk, the region where planets are expected to form. I discuss the potential and limitations of each gas tracer and present prospects for future research.
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Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy
Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, NetherlandsUniv Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy
Martire, P.
Longarini, C.
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Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy
Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, EnglandUniv Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy
Longarini, C.
Lodato, G.
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Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, ItalyUniv Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy
Lodato, G.
Rosotti, G. P.
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Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, ItalyUniv Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy
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Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USASpace Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
Arulanantham, Nicole
France, Kevin
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Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 392 UCB, Boulder, CO 80303 USASpace Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
France, Kevin
Hoadley, Keri
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CALTECH, Dept Phys Math & Astron, 1200 East Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USASpace Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
Hoadley, Keri
Schneider, P. C.
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Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, GermanySpace Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
Schneider, P. C.
Espaillat, Catherine C.
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Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Dept Astron, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USASpace Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
Espaillat, Catherine C.
Guenther, H. M.
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MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USASpace Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
Guenther, H. M.
Herczeg, Gregory J.
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Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Yiheyuan 5, Beijing 100871, Peoples R ChinaSpace Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
Herczeg, Gregory J.
Brown, Alexander
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Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, 389 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USASpace Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA