Whole fruits and inflammatory gene expression: in viva pilot study in humans

Introduction: Inquire about the effect of whole fruits intake on the mRNA expression of inflammatory genes in peripheral blood samples of Colombian university students. Material and Methods: Prior to the intervention questionnaires were applied to explore some lifestyle factors. On day 1, all volunteers consumed a test meal. On days 2 to 14, individuals in the "control" group continued with their usual diet while the participants in the "treatment" group consumed a daily portion of whole fruits. During the intervention blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as establishing the mRNA expression of the inflammatory genes TNFR, IL1R, IL6R, TLR2, TLR4 and RELA through the qPCR technique. Results: The mRNA expression of the RELA gene varies according to the level of stress self-reported by the volunteers. In individuals of the treatment group, mRNA expression of the RELA and IL6R genes is reduced while serum levels of HDL cholesterol are increased. Conclusions: The intake of whole fruits seems to be a relevant factor in the modulation of mRNA expression of RELA and IL6R genes as well as in the regulation of serum levels of HDL cholesterol. In addition, stress seems to be another key element in the modulation of mRNA expression of the RELA gene.