Objective: To review all studies using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) as a tool to assess the sexual function of women after gynaecological cancer treatment, responding the following questions: the level of evidence of studies developed, the frequency and methodological quality of studies that used FSFI and the main results of female sexual dysfunction on gynaecological cancer. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta - Analyses (PRISMA guidelines) on OvidSP, PubMed and Scopus databases using the following keywords: "gynaecologic cancer", "endometrial cancer", "cervical cancer", "vaginal cancer", "vulvar cancer", "uterine cancer", "chemotherapy", "radiotherapy", "surgery" and "sexual function". The methodological quality was assessed by the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) and the hierarchical level of evidence. Results: Of the 528 articles selected by the databases, 16 articles were analysed by qualitative synthesis. The studies were mostly carried out in the. United States of America and 9 were classified as good in the qualitative analysis and the others as moderate. The analysis of scientific evidence found studies with low evidence. There was variability of results, pointing that the different types of cancers associated with the various forms of treatment may result in the maintenance or not of the female sexual function. Conclusion: It is concluded that due to the multiplicity of variables, is needed further studies on the subject, with emphasis on the oncology area.