Electromagnetic modelling of multiband frequency reconfigurable antenna for wireless communications

The present work aims to propose a new formulation by combining the moment method and generalized equivalent circuit's method (MOM-GEC) to study the performance of a frequency reconfigurable antenna commanded by a PIN diode(s) as switching component(s). This method makes it possible to reduce the 3D problems to an alleviate calculation in the discontinuity plane using the admittance operators. The antenna structure is excited by a localized voltage source and the PIN diode is introduced in the mathematical formulation by a surface impedance model. A parametric study is made to achieve a good approximation of PIN diodes longitudinal dimension ensuring the switch operation. Then we focus on the analysis of reconfigurable antennas controlled by one and two PIN diodes. The simulation results are in good agreement with those obtained by software simulation and they show that it is possible to shift the resonant frequency depending on the PIN diode state.