First Steps toward Harmonized Human Biomonitoring in Europe: Demonstration Project to Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale

被引：157

作者：

Den Hond, Elly ^{[1
]}

Govarts, Eva ^{[1
]}

Willems, Hanny ^{[1
]}

Smolders, Roel ^{[1
]}

Casteleyn, Ludwine ^{[2
]}

Kolossa-Gehring, Marike ^{[3
]}

Schwedler, Gerda ^{[3
]}

Seiwert, Margarete ^{[3
]}

Fiddicke, Ulrike ^{[3
]}

Castano, Argelia ^{[4
]}

Esteban, Marta ^{[4
]}

Angerer, Jurgen ^{[5
]}

Koch, Holger M. ^{[5
]}

Schindler, Birgit K. ^{[5
]}

Sepai, Ovnair

Exley, Karen ^{[6
]}

Bloemen, Louis ^{[7
]}

Horvat, Milena ^{[8
]}

Knudsen, Lisbeth E. ^{[9
]}

Joas, Anke ^{[10
]}

Joas, Reinhard ^{[10
]}

Biot, Pierre ^{[11
]}

Aerts, Dominique ^{[11
]}

Koppen, Gudrun ^{[1
]}

Katsonouri, Andromachi ^{[12
]}

Hadjipanayis, Adamos ^{[13
]}

Krskova, Andrea ^{[14
]}

Maly, Marek ^{[14
]}

Morck, Thit A. ^{[9
]}

Rudnai, Peter ^{[15
]}

Kozepesy, Szilvia ^{[15
]}

Mulcahy, Maurice ^{[16
]}

Mannion, Rory ^{[16
]}

Gutleb, Arno C. ^{[17
]}

Fischer, Marc E. ^{[18
]}

Ligocka, Danuta ^{[19
]}

Jakubowski, Marek ^{[19
]}

Reis, M. Fatima ^{[20
]}

Namorado, Sonia ^{[20
]}

Gurzau, Anca Elena ^{[21
]}

Lupsa, Ioana-Rodica ^{[21
]}

Halzlova, Katarina ^{[22
]}

Jajcaj, Michal ^{[22
]}

Mazej, Darja ^{[8
]}

Tratnik, Janja Snoj ^{[8
]}

Lopez, Ana ^{[4
]}

Lopez, Estrella ^{[4
]}

Berglund, Marika ^{[23
]}

Larsson, Kristin ^{[23
]}

Lehmann, Andrea ^{[24
]}

机构：

[1] Flemish Inst Technol Res VITO, Unit Environm Risk & Hlth, Mol, Belgium

[2] Univ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

[3] Umweltbundesamt UBA, Berlin, Germany

[4] Inst Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain

[5] Inst Ruhr Univ Bochum IPA, German Social Accid Insurance, Inst Prevent & Occupat Med, Bochum, Germany

[6] Publ Hlth England, Chilton, England

[7] Environm Hlth Sci Int, Hulst, Netherlands

[8] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia

[9] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

[10] BiPRO GmbH, Munich, Germany

[11] Fed Publ Serv FPS Hlth Food Chain Safety & Enviro, Brussels, Belgium

[12] State Gen Lab, Nicosia, Cyprus

[13] Larnaca Gen Hosp, Paediat Clin, Larnax, Cyprus

[14] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Prague, Czech Republic

[15] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Budapest, Hungary

[16] Hlth Serv Execut, Dublin, Ireland

[17] Luxembourg Inst Sci & Technol, Belvaux, Luxembourg

[18] Lab Natl Sante, Dudelange, Luxembourg

[19] Nofer Inst Occupat Med, Lodz, Poland

[20] Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal

[21] Environm Hlth Ctr, Cluj Napoca, Romania

[22] Urad Verejneho Zdravotnictva Slovenskej Republ, Bratislava, Slovakia

[23] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden

[24] Fed Off Publ Hlth, Bern, Switzerland

[25] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium

[26] Univ Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES | 2015年 / 123卷 / 03期

关键词：

PHTHALATE EXPOSURE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; URINE; MERCURY; BLOOD; NEUROTOXICITY; METABOLITES; POPULATION; CHILDREN; CADMIUM;

D O I：

10.1289/ehp.1408616

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

BACKGROUND: For Europe as a whole, data on internal exposure to environmental chemicals do not yet exist. Characterization of the internal individual chemical environment is expected to enhance - understanding of the environmental threats to health. OBJECTIVES: We developed and applied a harmonized protocol to collect comparable human - biomonitoring data all over Europe. METHODS: In 17 European countries, we measured mercury in hair and cotinine, phthalate metabolites, and cadmium in urine of 1,844 children (5-11 years of age) and their mothers. Specimens were collected over a 5-month period in 2011-2012. We obtained information on personal characteristics, environment, and lifestyle. We used the resulting database to compare concentrations of exposure biomarkers within Europe, to identify determinants of exposure, and to compare exposure biomarkers with healthbased guidelines. RESULTS: Biomarker concentrations showed a wide variability in the European population. However, levels in children and mothers were highly correlated. Most biomarker concentrations were below the health-based guidance values. CONCLUSIONS: We have taken the first steps to assess personal chemical exposures in Europe as a whole. Key success factors were the harmonized protocol development, intensive training and capacity building for field work, chemical analysis and communication, as well as stringent quality control programs for chemical and data analysis. Our project demonstrates the feasibility of a Europe-wide human biomonitoring framework to support the decision-making process of environmental measures to protect public health.

引用

页码：255 / 263

页数：9

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