Regulatory Politics;
Environmental Health;
Public Health;
Endocrine Disruptors;
Chemical Industry;
WHO-UNEP-STATE;
BISPHENOL-A;
RISK-ASSESSMENT;
SCIENCE;
HEALTH;
CLASSIFICATION;
ORGANIZATIONS;
1,3-BUTADIENE;
COMMISSION;
PRINCIPLES;
D O I:
10.1093/scipol/scx004
中图分类号:
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号:
08 ;
0830 ;
摘要:
Over the course of the 20th century, the chemicals industry developed various strategies to engage in regulatory processes with the apparent goal of preventing, delaying, or weakening government regulation of their products. Today, the industry continues to employ these strategies to counter efforts to regulate endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), achieving success by exploiting weaknesses and vulnerabilities in existing regulatory structures. This article asserts that industry efforts to counter the regulation of EDCs is comprised of three different forms of engagement, including (1) engagement with science, (2) engagement with the public, and (3) engagement with politics. By demonstrating how individual strategies build off each other and are combined to achieve desired policy outcomes, this article demonstrates how the chemical industry's current strategy on EDCs follows a dynamic playbook that has been developed and improved over years of regulatory engagement.
机构:
Univ A Coruna, Univ Inst Res Environm Studies, Dept Analyt Chem, Appl Analyt Chem Res Grp QANAP, E-15008 La Coruna, SpainUniv A Coruna, Univ Inst Res Environm Studies, Dept Analyt Chem, Appl Analyt Chem Res Grp QANAP, E-15008 La Coruna, Spain
Salgueiro-Gonzalez, N.
Lopez de Alda, M. J.
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机构:
Inst Environm Assessment & Water Res IDAEA CSIC, Dept Environm Chem, Water & Soil Qual Res Grp, Barcelona 08034, SpainUniv A Coruna, Univ Inst Res Environm Studies, Dept Analyt Chem, Appl Analyt Chem Res Grp QANAP, E-15008 La Coruna, Spain
Lopez de Alda, M. J.
Muniategui-Lorenzo, S.
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机构:
Univ A Coruna, Univ Inst Res Environm Studies, Dept Analyt Chem, Appl Analyt Chem Res Grp QANAP, E-15008 La Coruna, SpainUniv A Coruna, Univ Inst Res Environm Studies, Dept Analyt Chem, Appl Analyt Chem Res Grp QANAP, E-15008 La Coruna, Spain
Muniategui-Lorenzo, S.
Prada-Rodriguez, D.
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机构:
Univ A Coruna, Univ Inst Res Environm Studies, Dept Analyt Chem, Appl Analyt Chem Res Grp QANAP, E-15008 La Coruna, SpainUniv A Coruna, Univ Inst Res Environm Studies, Dept Analyt Chem, Appl Analyt Chem Res Grp QANAP, E-15008 La Coruna, Spain
Prada-Rodriguez, D.
Barcelo, Damia
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机构:
Inst Environm Assessment & Water Res IDAEA CSIC, Dept Environm Chem, Water & Soil Qual Res Grp, Barcelona 08034, Spain
Univ Girona, Catalan Inst Water Res ICRA, Girona 17003, SpainUniv A Coruna, Univ Inst Res Environm Studies, Dept Analyt Chem, Appl Analyt Chem Res Grp QANAP, E-15008 La Coruna, Spain
机构:
Univ Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Tuculina, Mihaela Jana
Perlea, Paula
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机构:
Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Fac Dent Med, Dept Endodontol, 17-23 Calea Plevnei St, Bucharest 050474, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Perlea, Paula
Gheorghita, Mircea
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Gheorghita, Mircea
Cumpata, Cristian Niky
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Titu Maiorescu Univ Bucharest, Fac Dent Med, Bucharest 031593, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Cumpata, Cristian Niky
Dascalu, Ionela Teodora
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Dascalu, Ionela Teodora
Turcu, Adina
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Turcu, Adina
Nicola, Andreea Gabriela
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Nicola, Andreea Gabriela
Gheorghita, Lelia Mihaela
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机构:
Univ Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Gheorghita, Lelia Mihaela
Diaconu, Oana Andreea
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机构:
Univ Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Diaconu, Oana Andreea
Valea, Ana
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Iuliu Hatieganu Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Endocrinol, Cluj Napoca 400337, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Valea, Ana
Ghemigian, Adina
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Endocrinol, Bucharest 020021, Romania
CI Parhon Natl Inst Endocrinol, Dept Endocrinol, Bucharest 011863, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
Ghemigian, Adina
Carsote, Mara
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Endocrinol, Bucharest 020021, Romania
CI Parhon Natl Inst Endocrinol, Dept Endocrinol, Bucharest 011863, RomaniaUniv Med & Pharm Craiova, Fac Dent Med, Dept Orthodont, 2-4 Petru Rares St, Craiova 200349, Romania
机构:
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
Univ Massachusetts, Cellular Biol Program, Amherst, MA 01003 USAUniv Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
Zoeller, R. Thomas
Brown, T. R.
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机构:
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USAUniv Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
Brown, T. R.
Doan, L. L.
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机构:
Endocrine Soc, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USAUniv Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
Doan, L. L.
Gore, A. C.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Texas Austin, Div Pharmacol & Toxicol, Austin, TX 78712 USAUniv Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
Gore, A. C.
Skakkebaek, N. E.
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机构:
Rigshosp, Univ Dept Growth & Reprod, DK-2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkUniv Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
Skakkebaek, N. E.
Soto, A. M.
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机构:
Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Boston, MA 02111 USAUniv Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
Soto, A. M.
Woodruff, T. J.
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机构:
Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Hlth Policy Studies, Program Reprod Hlth & Environm, Oakland, CA 94612 USAUniv Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
Woodruff, T. J.
Saal, F. S. Vom
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h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USAUniv Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA