Effect of different splinting methods and fixation periods on root development of autotransplanted immature third molars

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of suture splinting for 1 week or rigid fixation for 4 weeks on final root length, root length increment, and mobility of autotransplanted immature third molars. Patients and Methods: The sample consisted of 63 patients with a total of 65 transplanted immature third molars. All transplants had reached one-half (n = 29) to three-fourths (n = 36) of their expected root length. In 24 of the transplants, postoperative fixation was carried out with a rigid acid-etch composite and wire splint for 4 weeks (rigid group), and in 41 transplants, with a suture splint for 1 week (suture group). The fixation method depended on the initial stability of the transplants. All transplants were followed up clinically and radiologically for a mean period of 3.9 years. Results: Transplants in the rigid group revealed a significantly lower final root length (P = .002) and root length increment (P = .001) than those in the suture group. The differences were found to be more pronounced in transplants at earlier developmental stages. No differences were found in transplant mobility. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that prolonged rigid fixation of autotransplanted immature third molars has a significantly negative influence on final root length and root length increment, especially in transplants at earlier developmental stages. (C) 2005 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.