Predictors of food variety and dietary diversity among older persons in Botswana

被引:46
作者
Clausen, T [1 ]
Charlton, KE
Gobotswang, KSM
Holmboe-Ottesen, G
机构
[1] Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Dept Gen Practice & Community Med, Oslo, Norway
[2] MRC, Chron Dis Lifestyle Unit, Tygerberg, South Africa
[3] Univ Botswana, Dept Home Econ, Gaborone, Botswana
关键词
elderly; food variety; dietary diversity; nutritional status; Botswana; screening instrument;
D O I
10.1016/j.nut.2004.09.012
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Objective: We investigated whether food variety and diversity are associated with physical and cognitive functioning in older adults in Botswana and designed a simple set of screening questions that predict food variety in this population. Methods: Data were collected (1998) as a national household survey of 1085 subjects 60 y and older. A food variety score, based on a food frequency checklist, was calculated by summing the frequency of weekly intakes of 16 food items (0 to 66). A dietary diversity score was calculated as the number of food groups consumed weekly (0 to 5). A representative subsample (n = 393) was randomly selected for the clinical component of the survey, and measurements on dependency and cognitive function were conducted. Results: Low food variety was found: 35.2%, 59.3%, and 22.4% of subjects consumed no dairy products, fruits, and vegetables, respectively. A higher food variety score was associated with urban residence, ownership of cattle, higher education, and more frequent meals, and these indicators were used to construct a nutritional risk indicator. Higher food variety score was associated with better self-reported health and better cognitive function. Similarly, a higher score on the nutritional risk indicator screening tool was associated with desirable health outcomes. Conclusion: A limited number of foods is consumed, leading to an overall pattern of poor food variety. Higher food variety was associated with improved physical and cognitive functions. A screening tool that predicts food variety in this population has been developed and is recommended to be incorporated at a primary care level to identify older adults most at risk of a poor quality diet. (C) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:86 / 95
页数:10
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