Suppression of miR-22, a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer, by human papillomavirus 16 E6 via a p53/miR-22/HDAC6 pathway

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function to down-regulate gene expression involving in various cellular processes related to carcinogenesis. Recently, miR-22 was identified as a tumor-suppressing miRNA in many human cancers. However, the regulatory mechanism and the specific function of this miRNA in cervical cancer remain unclear. In the present study, we carried out gene transfection, western blot and quantitative RT-PCR to explore the regulatory mechanism and the functional role of miR-22 in cervical cancer. We verified that miR-22 was down-regulated in cervical cancer tissues and cervical cancer cell lines relative to matched non-tumor tissues and normal human cervical keratinocyte line (HCK1T). By contrast, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) was inversely correlated with miR-22 in both cervical tissues and cancer cell lines. Mechanically, HDAC6 was down-regulated by miR-22 at the post-transcriptional level, via a specific target site within the 3'UTR, identified by a luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, we also showed that the correlation between miR-22 and HDAC6 expression was regulated by an E6/p53 pathway in HCK1Ts expressing HPV16 E6. For functional study, an ectopic expression of miR-22 could inhibit cell proliferation and migration, and could induce apoptosis of cervical cancer cell lines. These findings demonstrated that miR-22 was down-regulated in cervical cancer and inversely collated with its downstream target HDAC6. MiR-22 acts as tumor suppressor by inhibiting proliferation and migration, and by inducing apoptosis of cervical cancer cell lines by targeting the 3'UTR of HDAC6. This newly identified E6/p53/miR-22/HDAC6 regulatory network might be a candidate therapeutic target for cervical cancer.