A fast GNU method to draw accurate scientific illustrations for taxonomy

被引:118
作者
Montesanto, Giuseppe [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Pisa, Dept Biol, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
关键词
Methodology; scientific illustrations; digital drawings; GIMP; Oniscidea; TERRESTRIAL ISOPODS; CRUSTACEA; ONISCIDEA; DIVERSITY; AREA;
D O I
10.3897/zookeys.515.9459
中图分类号
Q95 [动物学];
学科分类号
071002 ;
摘要
Nowadays only digital figures are accepted by the most important journals of taxonomy. These may be produced by scanning conventional drawings, made with high precision technical ink-pens, which normally use capillary cartridge and various line widths. Digital drawing techniques that use vector graphics, have already been described in literature to support scientists in drawing figures and plates for scientific illustrations; these techniques use many different software and hardware devices. The present work gives step-by-step instructions on how to make accurate line drawings with a new procedure that uses bitmap graphics with the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP). This method is noteworthy: it is very accurate, producing detailed lines at the highest resolution; the raster lines appear as realistic ink-made drawings; it is faster than the traditional way of making illustrations; everyone can use this simple technique; this method is completely free as it does not use expensive and licensed software and it can be used with different operating systems. The method has been developed drawing figures of terrestrial isopods and some examples are here given.
引用
收藏
页码:191 / 206
页数:16
相关论文
共 32 条
  • [1] [Anonymous], 1961, HDB BIOL ILLUSTRATIO
  • [2] Adding depth to line artwork by digital stippling-a step-by-step guide to the method
    Bober, Simon
    Riehl, Torben
    [J]. ORGANISMS DIVERSITY & EVOLUTION, 2014, 14 (03) : 327 - 337
  • [3] Bouck L, 1999, VIE MILIEU, V49, P101
  • [4] Focus stacking: Comparing commercial top-end set-ups with a semi-automatic low budget approach. A possible solution for mass digitization of type specimens
    Brecko, Jonathan
    Mathys, Aurore
    Dekoninck, Wouter
    Leponce, Maurice
    VandenSpiegel, Didier
    Semal, Patrick
    [J]. ZOOKEYS, 2014, (464) : 1 - 23
  • [5] Caruso D., 1983, Animalia (Catania), V9, P5
  • [6] Caruso D., 1978, ANIMALIA, V5, P209
  • [7] Coleman C O., 2003, Org. Divers. E, V3, P1, DOI DOI 10.1078/1439-6092-00081
  • [8] Substituting time-consuming pencil drawings in arthropod taxonomy using stacks of digital photographs
    Coleman, Charles Oliver
    [J]. ZOOTAXA, 2006, (1360) : 61 - 68
  • [9] Coleman Charles Oliver, 2009, Zoosystematics and Evolution, V85, P305, DOI 10.1002/zoos.200900008
  • [10] Dallwitz M.J., 1993, User's guide to the DELTA System: a general system for processing taxonomic descriptions, V4th