Idiopathic Macular Epiretinal Membrane Surgery and ILM Peeling: Anatomical and Functional Outcomes

Purpose: Evaluation of the visual and anatomical outcomes following idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane (ERM) removal, with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, and review of the literature. Methods: A retrospective study of 39 eyes operated for idiopathic ERM was conducted. Pars plana vitrectomy was combined with ERM removal and Indocyanine green (ICG) assisted ILM peeling in 24 eyes. Results: In Group A (without ILM peeling), mean preoperative BCVA was 0.48 logMAR (0.3 in decimal units), whereas mean postoperative BCVA was 0.37 logMAR (0.4 in decimal units). In Group B (with ILM peeling), mean preoperative BCVA was 0.58 logMAR (0.25 in decimal units), whereas mean postoperative BCVA was 0.31 logMAR (0.5 in decimal units). No statistically significant difference was observed between Groups A and B regarding preoperative or postoperative BCVA (p>0.1, Student's t-test). OCT measurement of postoperative foveal thickness reveled a significant decrease in thickness in both groups; however, no correlation was observed between postoperative BCVA and postoperative foveal thickness (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.139; p>0.1). Conclusions: In spite of final visual acuity improvement following idiopathic ERM removal, recovery of a normal foveal thickness is not achieved in the majority of the cases. ICG assisted ILM peeling does not affect the functional outcome of idiopathic ERM removal.