Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy in children with persistent atelectasis: A case series report

Most patients with pulmonary atelectasis have complete resolution with medical therapy. In patients with persistent atelectasis, endoscopic treatment has proven to be an effective therapy. Objective. To describe our experience using flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in children with persistent atelectasis. This is a case series report of children treated with flexible bronchoscopy between January 2005 and December 2013, at the Pediatric Pulmonology Section of the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Results. From a total of 106 bronchoscopies performed, 32 of the patients had a diagnosis of persistent atelectasis. Mean age, 5 years. Laryngeal mask airway was the most common route for flexible bronchoscopy. In 28/32 patients, the procedure was therapeutically useful (complete or partial re-expansion). The procedure was well tolerated and presented only mild complications. Conclusions. Flexible bronchoscopy proved to be a safe and effective tool for the treatment of children with persistent atelectasis.