Nonequilibrium pulsed plasma: ICF target, neutron and x-ray sources applications

The approaches based on the properties of nonequilibrium pulsed plasmas to develop ICF target design and some ICF application problems are discussed. The methods of the creation of pulsed plasmas with essential properties on the laser radiation absorption and the emission of soft X-ray, fast ions and thermonuclear neutrons are proposed. Theoretical and experimental results are presented on the following fields: 1. laser-produced plasma of porous matter of light elements as a direct ICF target absorber smoothing the laser energy deposition nonuniformities; 2. laser-produced plasma of the composed materials which are the porous medium of light elements with a distributed solid clusters of heavy elements as an wide-range X-ray converter of the ICF target at the direct irradiation by laser beams; 3. laser-produced plasma of regularly volume-structured matter consisting of an ensemble of alternate thin layers of high and low density materials containing a thermonuclear fuel or an ensemble of microshells in contact with an one another made of a material containing such a fuel as a high power neutron source with the intensity more than 10(10) DT neutron per one joule of laser energy; 4. high-power-laser-produced plasma of thin foil as a source of light Mev-ions for the direct ignition of ICF target.