Bacterial dynamics in a raw cow's milk Caciotta cheese manufactured with aqueous extract of Cynara cardunculus dried flowers

Aims: To investigate the bacterial dynamics of a Caciotta cheese traditionally manufactured in the Montefeltro area (Central Italy) with raw cow's milk and an aqueous extract of dried flowers from Cynara cardunculus as a coagulating agent. Methods and Results: Conventional methods and a combined PCR-DGGE approach, relying on culture-dependent and -independent analyses, were used to investigate the cheese bacterial community, with a special focus on lactic acid bacteria. A heterogeneous population, including enterococci, lactococci, lactobacilli, food spoilage and other banal micro-organisms, was found. Significance and Impact of the Study: The study contributed to highlighting the influence of different technological parameters on bacterial dynamics of a raw milk Caciotta cheese coagulated with vegetable rennet. Conclusions: None of the species found in the vegetable rennet became dominant during the cheese-making and a prevailing role of the adventitions microbita coming from the raw milk and the dairy environment was highlighted.