Artificial pinning centres in YBCO thin films induced by substrate decoration with gas-phase-prepared Y2O3 nanoparticles

Y2O3 nanoparticles prepared by an inert gas phase condensation process were used to introduce artificial pinning centres in YBa2Cu3O7-delta thin films. The areal density of the particles was varied between 120 and 4200 particles mu m(-2) without changing the mean particle diameter of approximately 9 nm. Y2O3 particles were deposited on TiO2 terminated SrTiO3 (100) single-crystal substrates with areal densities up to 1654 particles mu m(-2) and subsequently covered with YBa2Cu3O7-delta by off-axis pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The areal density of the room temperature deposited particles is not changed by the substrate heating during PLD although their height on the substrate decreases. An influence on J(c) is demonstrated for particle densities above 1588 particles mu m(-2), indicating that the substrate decoration with Y2O3 nanoparticles from the gas phase affects the formation of artificial pinning centres in the YBa2Cu3O7-delta films and can be applied to further study of the effect of particle size and areal density on defect formation in YBa2Cu3O7-delta.