Water-Oxidation Electrocatalysis by Manganese Oxides: Syntheses, Electrode Preparations, Electrolytes and Two Fundamental Questions

被引:46
作者
Melder, Jens [3 ,4 ]
Bogdanoff, Peter [1 ]
Zaharieva, Ivelina [2 ]
Fiechter, Sebastian [1 ]
Dau, Holger [2 ]
Kurz, Philipp [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, Inst Solar Fuels, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
[2] Free Univ Berlin, Fachbereich Phys, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
[3] Albert Ludwigs Univ Freiburg, Inst Anorgan & Analyt Chem, Albertstr 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
[4] Albert Ludwigs Univ Freiburg, Freiburger Mat Forsch Zentrum FMF, Albertstr 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
来源
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIKALISCHE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL PHYSICS | 2020年 / 234卷 / 05期
关键词
artificial photosynthesis; electrocatalysis; manganese oxides; water-oxidation; OXYGEN EVOLUTION REACTION; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; II MEMBRANE-PARTICLES; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; EVOLVING COMPLEX; MICROBIAL ELECTROSYNTHESIS; CENTERED OXIDATION; ANODIC CHARACTERISTICS; MNOX ELECTROCATALYSTS;
D O I
10.1515/zpch-2019-1491
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The efficient catalysis of the four-electron oxidation of water to molecular oxygen is a central challenge for the development of devices for the production of solar fuels. This is equally true for artificial leaf-type structures and electrolyzer systems. Inspired by the oxygen evolving complex of Photosystem II, the biological catalyst for this reaction, scientists around the globe have investigated the possibility to use manganese oxides ("MnOx") for this task. This perspective article will look at selected examples from the last about 10 years of research in this field. At first, three aspects are addressed in detail which have emerged as crucial for the development of efficient electrocatalysts for the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER): (1) the structure and composition of the "MnOx" is of central importance for catalytic performance and it seems that amorphous, Mn-III(/IV) oxides with layered or tunnelled structures are especially good choices; (2) the type of support material (e.g. conducting oxides or nanostructured carbon) as well as the methods used to immobilize the MnOx catalysts on them greatly influence OER overpotentials, current densities and long-term stabilities of the electrodes and (3) when operating MnOx-based water-oxidizing anodes in electrolyzers, it has often been observed that the electrocatalytic performance is also largely dependent on the electrolyte's composition and pH and that a number of equilibria accompany the catalytic process, resulting in "adaptive changes" of the MnOx material over time. Overall, it thus has become clear over the last years that efficient and stable water-oxidation electrolysis by manganese oxides can only be achieved if at least four parameters are optimized in combination: the oxide catalyst itself, the immobilization method, the catalyst support and last but not least the composition of the electrolyte. Furthermore, these parameters are not only important for the electrode optimization process alone but must also be considered if different electrode types are to be compared with each other or with literature values from literature. Because, as without their consideration it is almost impossible to draw the right scientific conclusions. On the other hand, it currently seems unlikely that even carefully optimized MnOx anodes will ever reach the superb OER rates observed for iridium, ruthenium or nickel-iron oxide anodes in acidic or alkaline solutions, respectively. So at the end of the article, two fundamental questions will be addressed: (1) are there technical applications where MnOx materials could actually be the first choice as OER electrocatalysts? and (2) do the results from the last decade of intensive research in this field help to solve a puzzle already formulated in 2008: "Why did nature choose manganese to make oxygen?".
引用
收藏
页码:925 / 978
页数:54
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