[1] Chang Gang Univ, Coll Med, Sch Nursing, Taoyuan, Taiwan
[2] Chung Shan Med Univ, Sch Nursing, Taichung, Taiwan
[3] Chang Gang Mem Hosp, Div Endocrinol, Dept Pediat, Taoyuan, Taiwan
[4] Kent State Univ, Coll Nursing, Kent, OH 44242 USA
[5] Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Taoyuan, Taiwan
[6] Chung Gung Univ, Coll Med, Taoyuan, Taiwan
[7] Chang Gang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Nursing, Taoyuan, Taiwan