Efficacy of oral azithromycin versus topical tetracycline in mass treatment of endemic trachoma

被引:0
|
作者
Fraser-Hurt, N
Bailey, RL
Cousens, S
Mabey, D
Faal, H
Mabey, DCW
机构
[1] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Med, LSHTM, London WC1E 7HT, England
[2] LSHTM, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London, England
[3] Guys & St Thomas Hosp Trust, Dept Ophthalmol, London, England
[4] Natl Eye Care Programme, Banjul, Gambia
关键词
trachoma/drug therapy; azithromycin/therapeutic use; tetracycline/therapeutic use; clinical trials; comparative study; Gambia (source : MeSH);
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Objective To compare the impact of mass treatment with oral azithromycin and topical tetracycline on the prevalence of active trachoma. Methods A total of 1803 inhabitants from 106 households of eight Gambian villages were randomized, in pairs, to receive either three doses of azithromycin at weekly intervals, or daily topical tetracycline over 6 weeks. Ocular examinations were conducted before treatment, and 2, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Findings Prior to treatment, 16% of the study participants had active trachoma, Two months after treatment, the prevalence of trachoma was 4.6% and 5.1% in the azithromycin and the tetracycline groups, respectively (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.53, 2.02). Subsequently, the prevalence rose to 16% in the tetracycline group, while remaining at 7.7% in the azithromycin group (adjusted OR at 12 months = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.34, 0.80). At 12 months post-treatment, there were fewer new prevalent cases in the azithromycin group, and trachoma resolution was significantly better for this group (adjusted OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.42, 3.50). Conclusion Oral azithromycin therefore appears to offer a means for controlling blinding trachoma. II is easy to administer and higher coverages may be possible than have been achieved hitherto.
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页码:632 / 640
页数:9
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