Electroejaculation and semen characteristics of the captive Hokkaido brown bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis)

An electroejaculation technique was applied to the Hokkaido brown bear (Usus arctos yesoensis) for semen collection and characterization of their seminal traits. Ten captive sexually mature bears were anesthetized and subjected to 21 electroejaculation trials during their mating season in 1995 and 1996. Spermic electroejaculates were recovered from 6 of the 10 bears (14 of 21 trials). The semen was characterized by serous fluid of semitransparent white color and a neutral pH. The mean values of ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, percentage of sperm motility, percentage of live spermatozoa, and percentage of pleiomorphic forms were 2.7 ml, 471.6 x 10(6) cells/ml, 80.2%, 89.7% and 21.8%, respectively. Although there was considerable variation among the seminal traits of the individual bears, the electroejaculation technique was effective in obtaining ejaculates from captive bears.