Co-Simulation of Improved AIMD Algorithm for Decentralized Charging of Electric Vehicles

Mass adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) will bring some challenges to the operators of electric utilities. This paper proposes a decentralized control algorithm to manage the charging of distributed EVs. The proposed algorithm is inspired by the Additive Increase - Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) algorithm, which is commonly used for the management of communication network congestions. The improved algorithm takes into consideration the preferences of the owners of the EVs. Also, it eliminates the overloading and the under-voltage problems that might be associated with the charging of EVs. The proposed algorithm is validated using a co-simulation platform, where the power components are simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and is linked to embedded microcontrollers over a real-time communication network via the Data Distribution System (DDS) middleware.