Viruses are obligate parasites which can infect cells of all living organisms. Multiple antiviral defense mechanisms appeared early in the evolution of the immune system. Higher vertebrates possess the most complex antiviral immunity based on both innate and adoptive immune responses. However, a majority of living organisms, including plants and invertebrates, rely exclusively on innate immune mechanisms for protection against viral infections. There are some striking similarities in several components of innate immune recognition in mammals, plants, and insects suggesting that these signaling cascades are highly conserved in the evolution of the immune system. This review summarizes recent advances in the field of innate immune recognition of viruses, with a focus on pattern-recognition receptors.
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Kumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, JapanKumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, Japan
Okamoto, Masaaki
Tsukamoto, Hirotake
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Kumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, JapanKumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, Japan
Tsukamoto, Hirotake
Kouwaki, Takahisa
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Kumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, JapanKumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, Japan
Kouwaki, Takahisa
Seya, Tsukasa
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Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sapporo, Hokkaido, JapanKumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, Japan
Seya, Tsukasa
Oshiumi, Hiroyuki
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Kumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, Japan
JST, PRESTO, Kumamoto, JapanKumamoto Univ, Grad Sch Med Sci, Fac Life Sci, Dept Immunol, Kumamoto, Japan
机构:
Osaka Univ, World Premier Int Immunol Frontier Res Ctr, Host Def Lab, Osaka 5650871, Japan
Osaka Univ, Microbial Dis Res Inst, Dept Host Def, Osaka 5650871, JapanOsaka Univ, World Premier Int Immunol Frontier Res Ctr, Host Def Lab, Osaka 5650871, Japan
Uematsu, Satoshi
Fujimoto, Kosuke
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Osaka Univ, World Premier Int Immunol Frontier Res Ctr, Host Def Lab, Osaka 5650871, Japan
Osaka Univ, Microbial Dis Res Inst, Dept Host Def, Osaka 5650871, JapanOsaka Univ, World Premier Int Immunol Frontier Res Ctr, Host Def Lab, Osaka 5650871, Japan