In Vitro Germination of Citrus Seed

Seedlings germinated in vitro are commonly used as a source of explants for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of citrus. Seed and seed treatments that result in rapid, uniform, and high percentage of germination are preferred. A number of seed treatments, including peeling, aeration, presoaking procedures, prehumidification, and sterilization procedures, were used on Citrus sinensis 'Hamlin' seed. Germination curves were produced and percentage, rate, and uniformity for each treatment combination were estimated. Results showed that seedcoat removal and sowing peeled seed on the surface of the agar medium substantially improves germination, and combining treatments provides additional improvements to germination.