Weekend catch-up sleep and depression: results from a nationally representative sample in Korea

Background: There is limited information on the association between weekend catch-up sleep (CUS), which has beneficial effects on health, and depression. This study aimed to investigate the association between CUS and depression in adults. Methods: We used the data of the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016. Depression was defined as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score >10. We categorized CUS duration as <0, 0 < to 1, 1 < to 2, and >2 h. Results: Of 5550 eligible participants, 3286 (54.9%), 1033 (19.5%), 723 (14.7%) and 508 (10.9%) had CUS duration <0, 0 < to 1,1 < to 2, and >2 h, respectively; of these, the prevalence of depression was 7.0%, 4.2%, 2.9%, and 6.0%, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses including covariates revealed that individuals with CUS duration 1 < to 2 h had a significantly decreased risk of depression compared to individuals with CUS duration <0 h (odds ratio [OR] = 0.517, 95% CI = 0.309-0.865). Individuals with CUS duration 0 < to 1 h (OR = 0.731, 95% CI = 0.505-1.060) and >2 h (OR = 1.164, 95% CI = 0.718-1.886) showed no significantly different risk of depression. Conclusions: The risk of depression in individuals with CUS duration 1 < to 2 h was lower than for those with CUS duration <0 h. This finding provides a better understanding on the association between CUS and depression; and can be a basis for better management of depression. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.