Polymers in concrete: Where have we been and where are we going?

Concrete-polymer materials that include polymer-impregnated concrete (PIC), polymer concrete (PC) and polymer-modified concrete (PMC), have been developed within the past 50 years. PIC, which started out with great promise, has essentially disappeared from the scene. PC has been widely used for repairs, floor and bridge overlays, and precast components, but has not achieved the volume of use that had been projected. PMC has been widely used for overlays and repairs, including spray-on applications. There are many potential applications for the future related to materials processing and applications, which will ensure these materials will continue to be important in the construction field.