Prevalence of Coronary Artery Anomalies in 12,457 Adult Patients Who Underwent Coronary Angiography

Background: Coronary artery anomalies are found in 0.2% to1.3% of patients undergoing coronary angiography and 0.3% of an autopsy series. We aimed to estimate the frequency of coronary artery anomalies in our patient population. Methods: The data were collected retrospectively by analyzing the angiographic data of 12 457 consecutive adult patients undergoing coronary angiography between September 2002 and October 2007. Results: Coronary artery anomalies were found in 112 patients (0.9% incidence), 100 patients (89.3%) had origin and distribution anomalies, and 12 patients (10.7%) had coronary artery fistulae. Their mean age was 52 +/- 8 years (range, 22-79 y). Separate origins of left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva was the most common anomaly (63.4%). The right coronary artery rising from the left coronary sinus of Valsalva was found in 10 (8.9%) patients. Anomalous origin of the left circumflex coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva was seen in 10 (8.9%) patients. The left main coronary artery from the right coronary sinus of Valsalva was found in 1 (0.89%) patient while an isolated single coronary artery was seen in 2 (1.78%) patients. Conclusion: The incidence and the pattern of coronary artery anomalies in our patient population were almost identical with previous studies. Cardiologists should be aware of the coronary anomalies which may be associated with potentially serious cardiac events, because recognition of these coronary anomalies is mandatory in order to prescribe appropriate therapy.