Energy and exergy analyses of a hybrid system containing solid oxide and molten carbonate fuel cells, a gas turbine, and a compressed air energy storage unit

Design of a hybrid system composed of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), gas turbine (GT), and an advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA-CAES) based on only energy analysis could not completely identify optimal operating conditions. In this study, the energy and exergy analyses of the hybrid fuel cell system are performed to determine suitable working conditions for stable system operation with load flexibility. Pressure ratios of the compressors and energy charging ratios are varied to investigate their effects on the performance of the hybrid system. The hybrid fuel cell system is found to produce electricity up to 60% of the variation in demand. A GT pressure ratio of 2 provides agreeable conditions for efficient operation of the hybrid system. An AACAES pressure ratio of 15 and charging ratio of 0.9 assist in lengthening the discharging time during a high load demand based on an electricity variation of 50%. (c) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.