Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients Infected With HIV Receiving Care in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

Objectives: Globally, an appropriate estimate of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is essential for the economic evaluation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs to ensure optimal value for money. Therefore, this article aimed to evaluate the HRQoL of PLWHA on ART and to explore its predictors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHA in an ART clinic of a Nigerian tertiary hospital. The participants were selected through a computer-based simple random sampling technique. The study instrument used for data collection was the English-language version of the European Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L). The participants completed the questionnaire in the waiting room of the clinic, and the patients' clinical data were retrieved from their medical records. Descriptive statistics and multivariate linear regression were used for data analysis. P,.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the 352 participants, the majority were female (66.5%), and more than half (56.2%) had a CD4 count fewer than 500 cells/mm3. The EQ-5D index and utility score of the study population were 0.72 +/- 4.18 and 73.05 +/- 10.36, respectively. The significant predictors of EQ-5D index were the number of children (b =-0.215, P=.026), CD4 count (b = 0.171, P=.030), and duration on ART (b =-0.144, P=.011). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PLWHA receiving ART in Nigeria had good HRQoL. However, concerted efforts targeted at improving CD4 cell count and reducing the family burden of PLWHA would enhance their HRQoL.