A Case of Bilateral Aortoiliac Aneurysm with Persistent Aneurysmal Sciatic Artery Treated by Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

The femoral artery is the conventional access for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). Patients with an anomalous persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is usually at the expense of an atrophied femoral artery. Therefore, EVAR for patients with PSA anomalies is exceptionally challenging. We report the case of a 69-year-old man with an aortoiliac aneurysm and right PSA. Preoperative computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a tortuous infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm, bilateral common-internal iliac aneurysms, and a right aneurysmal PSA with an ipsilateral atrophic femoral and superficial femoral artery. The aortoiliac aneurysm was successfully repaired through an endovascular approach with access through the right persistent sciatic artery, bilateral femoral artery, and left brachial artery. One-month post-operation, CTA revealed a type 1 endoleak originating from the proximal end of the aorta graft. The second and third operations were performed to close the endoleak through extended proximal cuff with chimney bilateral renal stents and sac embolization with coils and fibrin glue at 1 and 14 months, respectively, after the first operation. CTA performed three months after the third operation did not show any endoleaks. A persistent sciatic artery can be used as an access for endovascular repair of a complicated infrarenal aortoiliac aneurysm combined with an anomalous persistent sciatic artery and an atrophied femoral artery.