Full-course inhibition of biodegradation-induced inflammation in fibrous scaffold by loading enzyme-sensitive prodrug

Biodegradation-induced inflammation in biodegradable scaffold materials is a critical problem to be addressed due to its potential inducement to tissue necrosis, granulomas, or tumor genesis. Here, a facile strategy for on-demand release of anti-inflammatory drugs and full-course inhibition of degradation-induced inflammation was demonstrated by simply loading an esterase-sensitive prodrug into a fibrous scaffold. In this study, drug release from the prodrug-loaded scaffolds showed an enzyme-triggered release process, which led to an initial moderate release of anti-inflammatory drugs and a later-stage degradation-synchronized drug release. This unique release kinetics ingeniously achieved on-demand drug therapy and efficient inhibition of inflammation throughout the biodegradation in vivo. More importantly, the prodrug-loaded scaffolds prepared with different biodegradable polymers (i.e., different biodegradation rates) all showed drug release kinetics that matched to the biodegradation rates and full-course inhibition of inflammation in vivo. Therefore, this method offered a general approach for on-demand release of anti-inflammatory drugs and efficient inhibition of inflammation throughout the biodegradation of different polymeric scaffolds. In addition, the release kinetics in our system showed potentials for "batch release" of multiple drugs in combination therapies as well as provided a feasible hint for the drug therapies of some other symptoms caused by in vivo biodegradation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.