Grid-Forming Converter in High Penetration of Converter-Interfaced Generation Large-Scale Power System: A Review of Synchronization Stability

The high penetration of electronic and converter-based generation (CBG) is the trend of the future power system. The working mode of converters in realistic large-scale gird nowadays are gird-following mode which needs a synchronous machine to build the reference voltage and the renewable resource feeding the grid. With increasing renewable energy resources, it is important to make the converters work as a voltage source to form the grid which is called the grid-forming control frame work. Although there are some applications of the grid-forming converter in Microgrids, its implementation in a large-scale system is still an issue that is more complicated thus should be discussed. The stability issue of converter connected to the traditional power grid is the key problem that limits the development of renewable energy. This paper reviews this issue and reports the research on this decades.