Experimental Study on the Static Behavior of Reinforced Warren Circular Hollow Section (CHS) Tubular Trusses

For truss structures, the question of whether to weld hidden welds or not has been controversial. In the actual construction process of truss structures, the members are usually spot welded in place on the assembly platform, and then welded as a whole, while the hidden welds of the truss are not welded, especially for small pipe diameter trusses. Furthermore, in this study, under hidden weld unwelded conditions, two kinds of reinforcing method (adding a half outer sleeve on each joint and filling concrete into the chord members) are adopted to achieve the purpose of strengthening the truss. Therefore, this paper presents an experimental study on the static behavior of four types of Warren tubular trusses made of CHS members. These four types are (1) T-HW: The truss with hidden welds welded; (2) T-HN: The truss with hidden welds unwelded; (3) TS-AS: The truss strengthened on the basis of T-HN by adding a half outer sleeve on each joint; (4) TS-FC: The truss strengthened on the basis of T-HN by filling concrete into the top and bottom chord members. The mechanical behavior, failure mode, bearing capacity, and load-displacement of all specimens were investigated. The surface plasticity of the bottom chord member, the weld fracture around tubular joints at the bottom chord member, and the bending deformation of the bottom chord member were observed in the tests. Compared with the T-HW specimen, the load carrying capacity of the T-HN specimen decreased by 18%. On the other hand, the T-HN specimen has better deformability than the T-HW specimen. The reinforcing method of adding a half outer sleeve on each joint and filling concrete into the chord members can effectively improve the load carrying capacity and stiffness of the truss, thus reducing the overall deformation of the truss, but the reinforcing method of filling concrete into the chord members is more efficient.