Arsenic bioaccumulation in arsenic-contaminated soil: a review

This study presents a review conducted to critically evaluate the microbial fabrication and its subsequent effect on arsenic contamination in soil. Taking into consideration the global situation, the sources of arsenic, the microbial arsenic pathways and the impact of arsenic contamination on soil have been defined. Different published studies highlighted the biochemical and physiological molecular aspects of arsenic and evaluated their impacts on soil; in the current paper, the sources and extent of arsenic contamination and the translocation and speciation from microbes to soil are illustrated. This study also discusses the forms of water-soluble arsenic and whether these are more toxic than insoluble forms, as previously reported. In addition, this paper briefly illustrates the sources and coverage of arsenic contamination and arsenic speciation in contaminated soil globally. Some vital research findings are also discussed which relate to the scientific exploration of microbial arsenic systems in contaminated soil. Graphic abstract